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Research Article


Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice

Ahmad Fauzi, Nurolaini Kifli, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor, Hazilawati Hamzah, Azrina Azlan.


Abstract
Background:
Studies have reported that the phytochemical content of Mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) is influenced by the area where it grows. On the other hand, the study of the bioactivity and toxicity of mulberry leaves from Brunei Darussalam still needs to be completed. In particular, the investigation regarding the safe dose for Mulberry's application from Brunei Darussalam has yet to be studied. Hence, toxicity information must be considered even though the community has used it for generations.
Aim:
This study investigated Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract (MAE) to observe the acute toxicity in mice.
Methods:
In particular, this study utilised twelve female ICR mice, eight weeks old, divided into two groups: the control group and the MAE group (2000 mg/kg single dose). Physiology, haematology; biochemistry; and histology were analysed during the study.
Results:
The examination result indicated no mortality and behavioural changes throughout the testing period. However, the mice developed mild anaemia and leukopenia, followed by decreased numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. In addition, the mice developed a mild hepatocellular injury, indicated by significant (P<0.05) elevations of both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). The histopathological findings of the liver were also consistent with the increment of ALT and AST, indicating mild hepatocellular necrosis through the eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknosis (P>0.05).
Conclusion:
It was evident that single oral administration of MAE was not lethal for mice (LD50, which was higher than 2000 mg/kg). However, the administration of high doses of MAE must be carefully considered.

Key words: Morus alba, Acute toxicity, Haematology, Biochemistry, Histopathology


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Fauzi A, Kifli N, Noor MHM, Hamzah H, Azlan A. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(3): 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1

Web Style

Fauzi A, Kifli N, Noor MHM, Hamzah H, Azlan A. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=165489 [Access: May 03, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Fauzi A, Kifli N, Noor MHM, Hamzah H, Azlan A. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(3): 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Fauzi A, Kifli N, Noor MHM, Hamzah H, Azlan A. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Vet J. (2024), [cited May 03, 2024]; 14(3): 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


Harvard Style

Fauzi, A., Kifli, . N., Noor, . M. H. M., Hamzah, . H. & Azlan, . A. (2024) Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Vet J, 14 (3), 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


Turabian Style

Fauzi, Ahmad, Nurolaini Kifli, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor, Hazilawati Hamzah, and Azrina Azlan. 2024. Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (3), 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


Chicago Style

Fauzi, Ahmad, Nurolaini Kifli, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor, Hazilawati Hamzah, and Azrina Azlan. "Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice." Open Veterinary Journal 14 (2024), 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Fauzi, Ahmad, Nurolaini Kifli, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor, Hazilawati Hamzah, and Azrina Azlan. "Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice." Open Veterinary Journal 14.3 (2024), 750-758. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Fauzi, A., Kifli, . N., Noor, . M. H. M., Hamzah, . H. & Azlan, . A. (2024) Haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation of the Morus alba L. leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam: Acute toxicity study in ICR mice. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (3), 750-758. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i3.1


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