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2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 2
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Original Article


Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico

Dahliatul Qosimah, Sanarto Santosa, Maftuch Maftuch, Husnul Khotimah, Loeki Enggar Fitri, Aulanni’am Aulanni’am, Lucia Tri Suwanti.


Cited By:7

Abstract
Background:
Staphylococcus and Aeromonas bacteria are pathogens in humans and animals. The therapy disrupts the virulence structure of the bacteria, resulting in bacterial death. Currently, chemical drugs have resulted in many resistant bacteria, so it is necessary to find alternative natural materials that are not toxic and do not quickly induce resistance.
Aims:
This study aimed to analyze the potential of methanol extract from BSF prepupa as an antibacterial agent against S. aureus and Aeromonas through in silico and in vitro tests.
Methods:
The BSF prepupae methanol extract was then analyzed for protein and fatty acid contents. Molecular docking of the active ingredients (defensin, chitin, and chitosan as well as fatty acids) in BSF was downloaded from the NCBI database and docked with the Hex Cuda 8.0 program, Correlation type parameters Shape + Electro and Grid Dimension 0.6. Docking results were analyzed using the Discovery Studio program version 21.1.1.
Results:
The highest fatty acid contents in the extract were palmitic acid and myristic acid. Methanol extract from BSF prepupae acted as a bactericidal agent against S. aureus at a concentration of 320 mg/ml, in contrast to Aeromonas, which still showed bacterial growth. The results of the in silico test showed that defensin–aerolysin and defensin–hemolysin were bound to the same active site area. However, the amount of binding energy produced by 69-Defensin-83-aerolysin was higher than all defensin types in BSF against Aeromonas. Chitin and chitosan showed a bond on the active site of aerolysin and hemolysin, but chitosan had a stronger bond than chitin. In silico study also showed the strongest binding affinity of BSF fatty acids to isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase of S. aureus.
Conclusion:
The study showed that methanol extract from BSF prepupae had more potential as an antibacterial agent against S. aureus than Aeromonas in vitro and in silico.

Key words: Aeromonas, Staphylococcus aureus, Prepupae, Antimicrobe, Methanol extract


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Qosimah D, Santosa S, Maftuch M, Khotimah H, Fitri LE, Aulanni'am A, Suwanti LT. Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(1): 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6

Web Style

Qosimah D, Santosa S, Maftuch M, Khotimah H, Fitri LE, Aulanni'am A, Suwanti LT. Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=111732 [Access: March 18, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Qosimah D, Santosa S, Maftuch M, Khotimah H, Fitri LE, Aulanni'am A, Suwanti LT. Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(1): 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Qosimah D, Santosa S, Maftuch M, Khotimah H, Fitri LE, Aulanni'am A, Suwanti LT. Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Vet J. (2023), [cited March 18, 2025]; 13(1): 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


Harvard Style

Qosimah, D., Santosa, . S., Maftuch, . M., Khotimah, . H., Fitri, . L. E., Aulanni'am, . A. & Suwanti, . L. T. (2023) Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Vet J, 13 (1), 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


Turabian Style

Qosimah, Dahliatul, Sanarto Santosa, Maftuch Maftuch, Husnul Khotimah, Loeki Enggar Fitri, Aulanni'am Aulanni'am, and Lucia Tri Suwanti. 2023. Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (1), 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


Chicago Style

Qosimah, Dahliatul, Sanarto Santosa, Maftuch Maftuch, Husnul Khotimah, Loeki Enggar Fitri, Aulanni'am Aulanni'am, and Lucia Tri Suwanti. "Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico." Open Veterinary Journal 13 (2023), 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Qosimah, Dahliatul, Sanarto Santosa, Maftuch Maftuch, Husnul Khotimah, Loeki Enggar Fitri, Aulanni'am Aulanni'am, and Lucia Tri Suwanti. "Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico." Open Veterinary Journal 13.1 (2023), 48-63. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Qosimah, D., Santosa, . S., Maftuch, . M., Khotimah, . H., Fitri, . L. E., Aulanni'am, . A. & Suwanti, . L. T. (2023) Methanol extract of Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) prepupae against Aeromonas and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in vitro and in silico. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (1), 48-63. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i1.6


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