E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 

Review Article


Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD)

Curtis Wells Dewey, Matthew Warren Brunke, Kasie Sakovitch.


Cited By:10

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common degenerative brain disorder of aging people which shares many clinical and pathological features with canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). CCD is considered a naturally occurring model of human AD. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBMT) therapy, also known as transcranial laser therapy, entails delivering photons of near infrared to infrared light from the skin surface of the scalp to the underlying brain. Specific molecular cellular receptors, called chromophores, absorb this energy, and use it to initiate biological reactions with potential therapeutic benefit. Improvement in cognitive ability using tPBMT has been documented in rodent AD models and human clinical trials. The purposes of this review are to provide an overview of the suspected molecular mechanisms of action of tPBMT for treatment of cognitive decline and to propose potential application of this treatment modality for dogs affected by CCD.

Key words: Canine, cognitive, dysfunction, Alzheimer’s, photobiomodulation, laser, transcranial, mitochondria, cytochrome c oxidase, amyloid


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

CWD, Brunke MW, Sakovitch K. Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Vet J. 2022; 12(2): 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14


Web Style

CWD, Brunke MW, Sakovitch K. Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=93802 [Access: April 10, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

CWD, Brunke MW, Sakovitch K. Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Vet J. 2022; 12(2): 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

CWD, Brunke MW, Sakovitch K. Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Vet J. (2022), [cited April 10, 2024]; 12(2): 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



Harvard Style

, C. W. D., Brunke, . M. W. & Sakovitch, . K. (2022) Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Vet J, 12 (2), 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



Turabian Style

, Curtis Wells Dewey, Matthew Warren Brunke, and Kasie Sakovitch. 2022. Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Veterinary Journal, 12 (2), 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



Chicago Style

, Curtis Wells Dewey, Matthew Warren Brunke, and Kasie Sakovitch. "Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD)." Open Veterinary Journal 12 (2022), 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

, Curtis Wells Dewey, Matthew Warren Brunke, and Kasie Sakovitch. "Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD)." Open Veterinary Journal 12.2 (2022), 256-263. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

, C. W. D., Brunke, . M. W. & Sakovitch, . K. (2022) Transcranial photobiomodulation (laser) therapy for cognitive impairment: a review of molecular mechanisms and potential application to canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD). Open Veterinary Journal, 12 (2), 256-263. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.14