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Research Article


Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study

Takeki Ando, Takeshi Izawa, Hidetaka Nishida, Hideo Akiyoshi.


Cited By:2

Abstract
Background:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is considered rare in dogs, and there is a lack of clinical data. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a biomarker of cardiomyocyte damage and necrosis and can be used to diagnose cat and human HCM.
Aim:
We investigated whether the presence of cTnI in clinical data can be used in conjunction with echocardiography to diagnose canine HCM.
Methods:
This study comprised client-owned dogs with clinical evidence of concentric hypertrophy on echocardiographic images, serum total thyroxine levels of ≤5 µg/dL, systolic blood pressure of ≤180 mmHg, and absence of aortic stenosis. All cases were necropsied.
Results:
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (mean diameter, 18.3 ± 1.8 µm), myocardial fiber disarray (70%), interstitial fibrosis (80%), and small vessel disease (100%) were assessed. In dogs with HCM, the left ventricles were concentric, almost symmetrical, and hypertrophied above the aortic diameter. The end-diastolic interventricular septum normalized to body weight (IVSDN) was 0.788 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.7–0.92), which exceeded the normal range (5%–95%, IQR: 0.33–0.52). In total, 70% of the dogs with HCM had syncope and dispnea, and all dogs had high cardiac troponin I levels (median, 3.94 ng/mL), exceeding the upper limit of normal (0.11 ng/ml) and indicating cardiomyocyte damage. IVSDN and serum cTnI levels were correlated (p = 0.839, P = 0.01).
Conclusion:
Ventricular wall thickening and high serum cTnI levels can provide a presumptive diagnosis of HCM and prompt the initiation of treatment or additional diagnostic investigations.

Key words: Biomarker, Cardiac troponin I, Dog, End-diastolic thickness of the interventricular septum, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ando T, Izawa T, Nishida H, Akiyoshi H. Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(6): 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9

Web Style

Ando T, Izawa T, Nishida H, Akiyoshi H. Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=144798 [Access: May 02, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ando T, Izawa T, Nishida H, Akiyoshi H. Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(6): 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ando T, Izawa T, Nishida H, Akiyoshi H. Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Vet J. (2023), [cited May 02, 2024]; 13(6): 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


Harvard Style

Ando, T., Izawa, . T., Nishida, . H. & Akiyoshi, . H. (2023) Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Vet J, 13 (6), 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


Turabian Style

Ando, Takeki, Takeshi Izawa, Hidetaka Nishida, and Hideo Akiyoshi. 2023. Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (6), 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


Chicago Style

Ando, Takeki, Takeshi Izawa, Hidetaka Nishida, and Hideo Akiyoshi. "Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study." Open Veterinary Journal 13 (2023), 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ando, Takeki, Takeshi Izawa, Hidetaka Nishida, and Hideo Akiyoshi. "Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study." Open Veterinary Journal 13.6 (2023), 742-752. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ando, T., Izawa, . T., Nishida, . H. & Akiyoshi, . H. (2023) Clinical findings using echocardiography and plasma cardiac troponin I and pathological findings in dogs with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (6), 742-752. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i6.9


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