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2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 2
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Case Report


Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma

Bruna Voltolin De Sena, Bárbara Correa De Mello, Rodrigo Dos Santos Horta, Mariana De Pádua Costa, Marilia Martins Melo, Reysla Maria Da Silveira Mariano, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Antonio Giuliano, Fabiola De Oliveira Paes Leme, Adriano De Paula Sabino, Paulo Ricardo De Oliveira Paes.


Abstract
Background:
Canine T-zone lymphoma is recognized as an indolent CD45- T cell lymphoma, with low aggressiveness and high overall survival. The diagnosis is obtained by histopathology and immunohistochemistry, but also by cytological examination of the lymph node associated with immunophenotyping. Lymphocytosis is commonly identified as around 10,000 cells/µL and may reach 30,760 cells/µL.
Case Description:
The present report describes a case of a female Golden Retriever, nine years old, with generalized lymphadenopathy. In the cytological examination of the superficial cervical lymph node a monomorphic population of small, “clear cells” “hand mirror” lymphocyte shape was suggestive of T-zone lymphoma. The leukogram showed intense leukocytosis (160,050 cells/μL) due to small clear cell lymphocytosis (152,048 cells/μL). The myelogram showed a myeloid:erythroid ratio of 2.3; with a pyramidal distribution of cell types and the presence of 22.8% of lymphocytes in the differential count. Bone marrow, peripheral blood and lymph node immunophenotyping resulted in lymphocyte gates with 97.3 to 99.5% CD5+, predominantly CD4-, CD8- and CD45- confirming the diagnosis of T-zone lymphoma with associated leukaemia. Treatment with chlorambucil and prednisolone was started. During the first month, the lymphocytosis remained above 200,000 cells/uL. After four months of treatment, there was a decrease in lymphocytes, which progressively reached a count of 10,800 cells/ul in the eleventh month.
Conclusion:
In the literature, lymphocytosis above 30,760 cells/μL has not been observed in T-zone lymphomas. Thus, it is believed that this is the first report of extreme lymphocytosis with an unusually slow response to treatment in this neoplasm.

Key words: Cytology, Flow cytometry, Immunophenotyping, Indolent lymphoma, Lymphocytosis


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Sena BVD, Mello BCD, Horta RDS, Costa MDP, Melo MM, Mariano RMDS, Giunchetti RC, Giuliano A, Leme FDOP, Sabino ADP, Paes PRDO. Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(12): 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25

Web Style

Sena BVD, Mello BCD, Horta RDS, Costa MDP, Melo MM, Mariano RMDS, Giunchetti RC, Giuliano A, Leme FDOP, Sabino ADP, Paes PRDO. Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=154118 [Access: March 18, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sena BVD, Mello BCD, Horta RDS, Costa MDP, Melo MM, Mariano RMDS, Giunchetti RC, Giuliano A, Leme FDOP, Sabino ADP, Paes PRDO. Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Vet J. 2023; 13(12): 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sena BVD, Mello BCD, Horta RDS, Costa MDP, Melo MM, Mariano RMDS, Giunchetti RC, Giuliano A, Leme FDOP, Sabino ADP, Paes PRDO. Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Vet J. (2023), [cited March 18, 2025]; 13(12): 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


Harvard Style

Sena, B. V. D., Mello, . B. C. D., Horta, . R. D. S., Costa, . M. D. P., Melo, . M. M., Mariano, . R. M. D. S., Giunchetti, . R. C., Giuliano, . A., Leme, . F. D. O. P., Sabino, . A. D. P. & Paes, . P. R. D. O. (2023) Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Vet J, 13 (12), 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


Turabian Style

Sena, Bruna Voltolin De, Bárbara Correa De Mello, Rodrigo Dos Santos Horta, Mariana De Pádua Costa, Marilia Martins Melo, Reysla Maria Da Silveira Mariano, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Antonio Giuliano, Fabiola De Oliveira Paes Leme, Adriano De Paula Sabino, and Paulo Ricardo De Oliveira Paes. 2023. Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (12), 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


Chicago Style

Sena, Bruna Voltolin De, Bárbara Correa De Mello, Rodrigo Dos Santos Horta, Mariana De Pádua Costa, Marilia Martins Melo, Reysla Maria Da Silveira Mariano, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Antonio Giuliano, Fabiola De Oliveira Paes Leme, Adriano De Paula Sabino, and Paulo Ricardo De Oliveira Paes. "Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma." Open Veterinary Journal 13 (2023), 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sena, Bruna Voltolin De, Bárbara Correa De Mello, Rodrigo Dos Santos Horta, Mariana De Pádua Costa, Marilia Martins Melo, Reysla Maria Da Silveira Mariano, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Antonio Giuliano, Fabiola De Oliveira Paes Leme, Adriano De Paula Sabino, and Paulo Ricardo De Oliveira Paes. "Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma." Open Veterinary Journal 13.12 (2023), 1760-1768. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sena, B. V. D., Mello, . B. C. D., Horta, . R. D. S., Costa, . M. D. P., Melo, . M. M., Mariano, . R. M. D. S., Giunchetti, . R. C., Giuliano, . A., Leme, . F. D. O. P., Sabino, . A. D. P. & Paes, . P. R. D. O. (2023) Extreme lymphocytosis in a dog with T-zone lymphoma. Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (12), 1760-1768. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.25


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