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Research Article


Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats

Mirna Aboshama, Walied Abdo, Ahmed Elsawak, Abdelrahman Khater.


Cited By:2

Abstract
Background:
Paracetamol is one of the most popular drugs; it is used daily by many people especially the elderly, without a limitation on the length of the period allowed for continuous use. Harms from long-term use are less clear, particularly in extrahepatic regions.
Aim:
This study aimed to investigate whether using paracetamol at a NOAEL (non-observable adverse effect level) dose, known not to cause toxic effect, for long period can induce toxicity in aged male albino rats.
Methods:
A daily dose of 500 milligrams per kg body weight of paracetamol was given to adult male albino rats for 12 weeks. During this period, rats were sacrificed at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks to evaluate the toxic changes at several time intervals.
Results:
Chemical analysis revealed elevated serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea, creatinine, and declined level of total protein in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-treated group; it also caused oxidative stress, as shown by decreased GSH, SOD, and elevated MDA in the liver, kidney, and brain. Histopathological examination demonstrated cytoplasmic vacuolation and sinusoidal congestion with the development of single-cell necrosis in the liver. Renal tubular necrosis and glomerular atrophy, and ischemic neuronal injury, especially in the hippocampus were observed. the deleterious effects of APAP were increased in severity with increasing the period of treatment.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that acetaminophen in a subtoxic dose for a long period could result in mild toxic effects on the liver but more serious lesions in kidney, and brain.

Key words: Drug side effects, Paracetamol toxicity, Prolonged drug use, Analgesics


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Aboshama M, Abdo W, Elsawak A, Khater A. Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Vet J. 2024; 14((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)): 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28

Web Style

Aboshama M, Abdo W, Elsawak A, Khater A. Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=177429 [Access: November 07, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Aboshama M, Abdo W, Elsawak A, Khater A. Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Vet J. 2024; 14((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)): 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Aboshama M, Abdo W, Elsawak A, Khater A. Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Vet J. (2024), [cited November 07, 2024]; 14((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)): 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


Harvard Style

Aboshama, M., Abdo, . W., Elsawak, . A. & Khater, . A. (2024) Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Vet J, 14 ((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)), 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


Turabian Style

Aboshama, Mirna, Walied Abdo, Ahmed Elsawak, and Abdelrahman Khater. 2024. Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 ((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)), 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


Chicago Style

Aboshama, Mirna, Walied Abdo, Ahmed Elsawak, and Abdelrahman Khater. "Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats." Open Veterinary Journal 14 (2024), 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Aboshama, Mirna, Walied Abdo, Ahmed Elsawak, and Abdelrahman Khater. "Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats." Open Veterinary Journal 14.(1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference) (2024), 316-323. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Aboshama, M., Abdo, . W., Elsawak, . A. & Khater, . A. (2024) Effect of the long-term use of a NOAEL dose of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on hepatic, renal, and neural tissues of aged albino rats. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 ((1) (Zagazig Veterinary Conference)), 316-323. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i1.28


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