E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 
2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 7
16 / 7Current Issue ArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

OVJ Manuscript Submissio Form
Title Page
mainarticle_template

Research Article


General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines

Adrian P. Ybañez, Joel P. Tolentino, Elena Sanchez-diaz, Massimiliano Baratelli, Roser M. Morato, Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Serafin L. Garciano Jr., Ruby H. Destajo, Harvie P. Portugaliza, Eloiza May Galon-bedonia, Adrian Miki C. Macalanda, Vernadyn A. Morillo.


Abstract
Background:
Health management, including vaccination, is essential for puppy disease prevention. Philippine data on owner practices during early puppy vaccination remain limited.

Aim:
This study assessed general health-management knowledge and practices among pet owners in Cebu and Manila, Philippines, who brought or had experience bringing 6-8-week-old puppies for routine core vaccination.

Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical questionnaire study was conducted in 2025 among 291 adult pet owners from Cebu (n = 187) and Manila (n = 104). The questionnaire collected owner and pet profiles and 26 perception items on puppy health management. Items used a five-option Likert-type response format and a 0-4 weighted scoring scheme, with neutral/undecided assigned no score and negatively framed items reverse-coded. Descriptive statistics, domain classifications, non-parametric tests, and robust multivariable linear regression with HC3 standard errors were used.

Results:
Only 34.0% had seen the puppy's mother, 34.4% had seen littermates, and 31.6% knew the dam's vaccination status. High domain levels were most frequent for health communication, hygiene, and vaccination compliance (64.3%), health record-keeping and monitoring (63.2%), veterinary access, financial readiness, trust, and vaccine-related concerns (62.9%), and exposure control and disease-prevention practices (61.9%). Cebu respondents had higher adjusted scores than Manila respondents in several domains, including veterinary access, financial readiness, trust, and vaccine-related concerns (B = 5.194, p < 0.001) and health record-keeping and monitoring (B = 3.534, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Respondents generally reported favorable puppy health-management awareness and practices, but gaps remained in dam vaccination-history awareness, formal puppy-care education, preventive-care consistency, vaccine-related concerns, and financial readiness. Veterinary counseling, reminder systems, and client education materials should emphasize vaccination schedules, maternal health history, deworming, parasite prevention, hygiene, nutrition, and preventive-care budgeting.

Key words: Companion animal; General health management; Owner practices; Pet owners; Vaccination.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Adrian P. Ybañez
Articles by Joel P. Tolentino
Articles by Elena Sanchez-Diaz
Articles by Massimiliano Baratelli
Articles by Roser M. Morato
Articles by Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez
Articles by Serafin L. Garciano Jr.
Articles by Ruby H. Destajo
Articles by Harvie P. Portugaliza
Articles by Eloiza May Galon-Bedonia
Articles by Adrian Miki C. Macalanda
Articles by Vernadyn A. Morillo
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ybañez AP, Tolentino JP, Sanchez-diaz E, Baratelli M, Morato RM, Ybañez RHD, Jr. SLG, Destajo RH, Portugaliza HP, Galon-bedonia EM, Macalanda AMC, Morillo VA. General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(7): 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69

Web Style

Ybañez AP, Tolentino JP, Sanchez-diaz E, Baratelli M, Morato RM, Ybañez RHD, Jr. SLG, Destajo RH, Portugaliza HP, Galon-bedonia EM, Macalanda AMC, Morillo VA. General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=307527 [Access: July 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ybañez AP, Tolentino JP, Sanchez-diaz E, Baratelli M, Morato RM, Ybañez RHD, Jr. SLG, Destajo RH, Portugaliza HP, Galon-bedonia EM, Macalanda AMC, Morillo VA. General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(7): 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ybañez AP, Tolentino JP, Sanchez-diaz E, Baratelli M, Morato RM, Ybañez RHD, Jr. SLG, Destajo RH, Portugaliza HP, Galon-bedonia EM, Macalanda AMC, Morillo VA. General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited July 27, 2026]; 16(7): 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


Harvard Style

Ybañez, A. P., Tolentino, . J. P., Sanchez-diaz, . E., Baratelli, . M., Morato, . R. M., Ybañez, . R. H. D., Jr., . S. L. G., Destajo, . R. H., Portugaliza, . H. P., Galon-bedonia, . E. M., Macalanda, . A. M. C. & Morillo, . V. A. (2026) General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Vet. J., 16 (7), 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


Turabian Style

Ybañez, Adrian P., Joel P. Tolentino, Elena Sanchez-diaz, Massimiliano Baratelli, Roser M. Morato, Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Serafin L. Garciano Jr., Ruby H. Destajo, Harvie P. Portugaliza, Eloiza May Galon-bedonia, Adrian Miki C. Macalanda, and Vernadyn A. Morillo. 2026. General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (7), 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


Chicago Style

Ybañez, Adrian P., Joel P. Tolentino, Elena Sanchez-diaz, Massimiliano Baratelli, Roser M. Morato, Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Serafin L. Garciano Jr., Ruby H. Destajo, Harvie P. Portugaliza, Eloiza May Galon-bedonia, Adrian Miki C. Macalanda, and Vernadyn A. Morillo. "General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ybañez, Adrian P., Joel P. Tolentino, Elena Sanchez-diaz, Massimiliano Baratelli, Roser M. Morato, Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Serafin L. Garciano Jr., Ruby H. Destajo, Harvie P. Portugaliza, Eloiza May Galon-bedonia, Adrian Miki C. Macalanda, and Vernadyn A. Morillo. "General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines." Open Veterinary Journal 16.7 (2026), 4923-4932. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ybañez, A. P., Tolentino, . J. P., Sanchez-diaz, . E., Baratelli, . M., Morato, . R. M., Ybañez, . R. H. D., Jr., . S. L. G., Destajo, . R. H., Portugaliza, . H. P., Galon-bedonia, . E. M., Macalanda, . A. M. C. & Morillo, . V. A. (2026) General health management of puppies brought for vaccination in the Philippines. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (7), 4923-4932. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.69


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout PublisherOpen Access PolicyEditorial PoliciesEditorial Review PolicyEditorial & Peer Review ProcessPublication Ethics and Publication Malpractice StatementConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyProtection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of ConcernSelf-Archiving PoliciesDigital Archiving & Preservation PoliciesStatement of Informed ConsentAdvertising PolicyTerms of UseLicense InformationCopyright Information

About Open Veterinary Journal

Open Veterinary Journal provides high quality peer review process for original research articles, review articles, short communications and case reports i ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information

All correspondence should be addressed to:

Prof. Ibrahim Eldaghayes

Editor-in-Chief

Open Veterinary Journal

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli

P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya

Email: ibrahim.eldaghayes@vetmed.edu.ly