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Research Article


Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs

Mahesh Kumar, Kiranjeet Singh, Aswathy Gopinathan, Manish Arya, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Prabha Sharma, Akshay Kumar, Praveenkumar C, Himanshu Singh, Renu Motwani, Sruthy Subramaniyan.


Abstract
Background: In dogs, supracondylar femur fractures are difficult to manage because of their proximity to the distal
growth plate and stifle joint. Stable fixation is essential for early weight bearing and proper limb function. Dynamic
cross pinning is commonly used, but limited resistance to axial and bending forces may lead to implant instability and
delayed recovery.
Aim: Biomechanical and clinical comparison of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system with dynamic cross
pinning for stabilization of supracondylar femur fractures in dogs
Methods: Thirty-six canine cadaveric femora specimens were divided into two groups (n = 18 each). Group I was
stabilized using dynamic cross pinning, whereas Group II received the locking screw–intramedullary pin system.
Standardized supracondylar osteotomies were created and tested under axial compression and three-point bending
until failure. Twelve client-owned dogs with supracondylar femur fractures were randomly assigned to two groups (n
= 6 each). The primary outcome was the weight-bearing score at 60 days, whereas pain, inflammation, joint motion,
implant stability, and radiographic healing were evaluated as secondary parameters.
Results: The locking screw–intramedullary pin system exhibited significantly higher resistance to axial compression
and bending forces than dynamic cross-pinning (p < 0.05). Clinically, dogs treated with this system exhibited earlier
weight-bearing, improved joint motion, fewer implant-related complications, and better radiographic healing.
Conclusion: The locking screw–intramedullary pin system provided better biomechanical strength and improved
short-term clinical outcomes compared with dynamic cross pinning in dogs with supracondylar femur fractures.
Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

Key words: Biomechanics; Dog; Femur; Locking screw; Supracondylar.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kumar M, Singh K, Gopinathan A, Arya M, Yadav SK, Sharma P, Kumar A, C P, Singh H, Motwani R, Subramaniyan S. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(9): 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57

Web Style

Kumar M, Singh K, Gopinathan A, Arya M, Yadav SK, Sharma P, Kumar A, C P, Singh H, Motwani R, Subramaniyan S. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=323119 [Access: September 30, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kumar M, Singh K, Gopinathan A, Arya M, Yadav SK, Sharma P, Kumar A, C P, Singh H, Motwani R, Subramaniyan S. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(9): 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kumar M, Singh K, Gopinathan A, Arya M, Yadav SK, Sharma P, Kumar A, C P, Singh H, Motwani R, Subramaniyan S. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited September 30, 2026]; 16(9): 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


Harvard Style

Kumar, M., Singh, . K., Gopinathan, . A., Arya, . M., Yadav, . S. K., Sharma, . P., Kumar, . A., C, . P., Singh, . H., Motwani, . R. & Subramaniyan, . S. (2026) Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Vet. J., 16 (9), 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


Turabian Style

Kumar, Mahesh, Kiranjeet Singh, Aswathy Gopinathan, Manish Arya, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Prabha Sharma, Akshay Kumar, Praveenkumar C, Himanshu Singh, Renu Motwani, and Sruthy Subramaniyan. 2026. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (9), 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


Chicago Style

Kumar, Mahesh, Kiranjeet Singh, Aswathy Gopinathan, Manish Arya, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Prabha Sharma, Akshay Kumar, Praveenkumar C, Himanshu Singh, Renu Motwani, and Sruthy Subramaniyan. "Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kumar, Mahesh, Kiranjeet Singh, Aswathy Gopinathan, Manish Arya, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Prabha Sharma, Akshay Kumar, Praveenkumar C, Himanshu Singh, Renu Motwani, and Sruthy Subramaniyan. "Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs." Open Veterinary Journal 16.9 (2026), 6525-6534. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kumar, M., Singh, . K., Gopinathan, . A., Arya, . M., Yadav, . S. K., Sharma, . P., Kumar, . A., C, . P., Singh, . H., Motwani, . R. & Subramaniyan, . S. (2026) Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a locking screw–intramedullary pin system for repairing supracondylar femur fractures in dogs. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (9), 6525-6534. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i9.57


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