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Research Article


Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019)

Francisco Cantero, Ángel Ortillés, M. Teresa-Peña, Marta Leiva.


Abstract
Background:
Although ocular findings in diabetic patients are well described, prevalence data for those is unknown.
Aim:
To describe the prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus.
Methods:
Medical records from diabetic dogs assessed by the ophthalmology and the internal medicine services at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Autonomous University of Barcelona were reviewed (2009-2019).
Results:
Seventy-five dogs (150 eyes) of both genders (51/75 females; 68% and 24/75 males; 32%) and a mean age of 9.37  2.43 years, were included. The most common ocular findings were cataracts (146/150; 97.3%), vitreous degeneration (45/98; 45.9%), anterior uveitis (47/150; 31.3%), aqueous deficiency dry eye (ADDE) (33/150; 22%), diffuse corneal edema (31/150; 20.7%), non-proliferative retinopathy (13/98; 13.3%) and lipid keratopathy (9/150; 6%). The most prevalent type of cataracts observed (78/146; 53.4%) was intumescent, which was commonly accompanied by non-proliferative retinopathy (P = 0.003). Among the diabetic dogs, blood glucose levels were statistically higher in dogs with non-proliferative retinopathy or anterior uveitis (P < 0.005).
Conclusions:
Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus in dogs are numerous, being the most frequent intumescent cataracts, vitreous degeneration, anterior uveitis, ADDE, diffuse corneal edema and non-proliferative retinopathy. This high prevalence warrants a more detailed ophthalmic evaluation in diabetic dogs specially for those undergoing cataract surgery. Furthermore, a predisposition for anterior segment inflammation and non-proliferative retinopathy is suggested when fasting plasma glucose is higher than 600 mg/dl.

Key words: Cataracts, Glucose, Intumescent, Phacoemulsification, Retinopathy


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Cantero F, Ortillés , Teresa-Peña M, Leiva M. Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Vet J. 2023; 13(5): 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15


Web Style

Cantero F, Ortillés , Teresa-Peña M, Leiva M. Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=132606 [Access: March 13, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Cantero F, Ortillés , Teresa-Peña M, Leiva M. Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Vet J. 2023; 13(5): 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Cantero F, Ortillés , Teresa-Peña M, Leiva M. Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Vet J. (2023), [cited March 13, 2024]; 13(5): 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



Harvard Style

Cantero, F., Ortillés, . ., Teresa-Peña, . M. & Leiva, . M. (2023) Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Vet J, 13 (5), 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



Turabian Style

Cantero, Francisco, Ángel Ortillés, M. Teresa-Peña, and Marta Leiva. 2023. Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (5), 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



Chicago Style

Cantero, Francisco, Ángel Ortillés, M. Teresa-Peña, and Marta Leiva. "Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019)." Open Veterinary Journal 13 (2023), 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Cantero, Francisco, Ángel Ortillés, M. Teresa-Peña, and Marta Leiva. "Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019)." Open Veterinary Journal 13.5 (2023), 620-628. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Cantero, F., Ortillés, . ., Teresa-Peña, . M. & Leiva, . M. (2023) Prevalence of ocular findings and their association with glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: A 10-year clinical study (2009-2019). Open Veterinary Journal, 13 (5), 620-628. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i5.15