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Research Article


Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors

Mousa O. Germoush, Maged Fouda, Mohammad J. S. Mantargi, Moustafa Sarhan, Barakat M. Alrashdi, Diaa Massoud, Sarah Alzwain, Nehmat Ghaboura, Ahmed E. Altyar, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim.


Abstract
Background:
Snake venoms are mainly composed of a mixture of proteins and peptides with antiviral activity against several viruses including HIV. Therefore, snake venoms represent promising source for new antiviral drugs.

Aim:
The study examines the toxin's capacity to disrupt the spike glycoprotein of HIV, the virus accountable for the HIV epidemic.

Methods:
The active protein structure of HIV and snake toxins was derived from the protein RCSB-PDB. The interactions between this toxin and the spike protein were evaluated using molecular docking software/interface such as 'Cluspro 2' and analyzers such as 'PyMOL' and 'Ligplot'. The objective was to identify potential pharmacophores that could be used as a basis for future drug development.

Results:
The latest study findings uncover fascinating affinities and interaction patterns between snake poisons and the HIV spike glycoprotein. We analyzed the consequences of these interactions and their capacity to impair viral entry and infection.

Conclusion:
This work highlights a prospective approach for the advancement of antiviral treatments, utilizing nature's collection of toxins as a basis for pharmacophore-based medication exploration against viral infections.

Key words: HIV, Spike glycoprotein, Snake toxins, Molecular docking, Pharmacophore


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Germoush MO, Fouda M, Mantargi MJS, Sarhan M, Alrashdi BM, Massoud D, Alzwain S, Ghaboura N, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(11): 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22

Web Style

Germoush MO, Fouda M, Mantargi MJS, Sarhan M, Alrashdi BM, Massoud D, Alzwain S, Ghaboura N, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=207813 [Access: December 06, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Germoush MO, Fouda M, Mantargi MJS, Sarhan M, Alrashdi BM, Massoud D, Alzwain S, Ghaboura N, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(11): 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Germoush MO, Fouda M, Mantargi MJS, Sarhan M, Alrashdi BM, Massoud D, Alzwain S, Ghaboura N, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Vet J. (2024), [cited December 06, 2024]; 14(11): 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


Harvard Style

Germoush, M. O., Fouda, . M., Mantargi, . M. J. S., Sarhan, . M., Alrashdi, . B. M., Massoud, . D., Alzwain, . S., Ghaboura, . N., Altyar, . A. E. & Abdel-Daim, . M. M. (2024) Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Vet J, 14 (11), 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


Turabian Style

Germoush, Mousa O., Maged Fouda, Mohammad J. S. Mantargi, Moustafa Sarhan, Barakat M. Alrashdi, Diaa Massoud, Sarah Alzwain, Nehmat Ghaboura, Ahmed E. Altyar, and Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. 2024. Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (11), 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


Chicago Style

Germoush, Mousa O., Maged Fouda, Mohammad J. S. Mantargi, Moustafa Sarhan, Barakat M. Alrashdi, Diaa Massoud, Sarah Alzwain, Nehmat Ghaboura, Ahmed E. Altyar, and Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. "Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors." Open Veterinary Journal 14 (2024), 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Germoush, Mousa O., Maged Fouda, Mohammad J. S. Mantargi, Moustafa Sarhan, Barakat M. Alrashdi, Diaa Massoud, Sarah Alzwain, Nehmat Ghaboura, Ahmed E. Altyar, and Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. "Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors." Open Veterinary Journal 14.11 (2024), 2936-2949. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Germoush, M. O., Fouda, . M., Mantargi, . M. J. S., Sarhan, . M., Alrashdi, . B. M., Massoud, . D., Alzwain, . S., Ghaboura, . N., Altyar, . A. E. & Abdel-Daim, . M. M. (2024) Molecular docking of eleven snake venom peptides targeting human immunodeficiency virus capsid glycoprotein as inhibitors. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (11), 2936-2949. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i11.22


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