E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 
2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 2
16 / 2Current Issue ArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & IndexingMost Accessed ArticlesMost Downloaded ArticlesMost Cited Articles
Required files to be uploaded

OVJ Manuscript Submissio Form
Title Page
mainarticle_template

Research Article


Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions

Mustafa Adnan Abed Al-qaysi, Mustafa Mohammed Khalaf, Ruqaya Imad Abdulwahhab, Marwa Sami Kzar, Zeid Alsadoon.


Abstract
Background:
Heat stress is a major challenge affecting goat production in arid and semi-arid regions, causing oxidative stress and immunosuppression. This study investigated the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) supplementation on immune parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami (Damascus) goats under heat stress conditions.

Aim:
To evaluate the effects of turmeric and Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplementation on the immunological and antioxidant responses of heat-stressed shami goats.

Methods:
Twenty-four adult Shami goats (2–3 years, 35 ± 3 kg) were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 6): control (CON), MOLE-supplemented [monocytes (MO), 3% of dry matter intake], turmeric-supplemented [total urinary ratio (TUR), 2% of daily mean intake], and combined supplementation (MO + TUR). The experiment lasted 60 days during summer (Temperature–Humidity Index: 82–92). Blood samples were collected biweekly for analysis of antioxidant enzymes Superoxide dismutase [SOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4+ and CD8+), immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM), and heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90).

Results:
Combined supplementation (MO+TUR) significantly increased SOD (93.40 ± 2.1 U/ml), CAT (55.03 ± 1.8 U/ml), and GPx (15.03 ± 0.5 U/ml) activities compared to control (p < 0.001). IL-6 levels decreased from 45.3 ± 3.2 pg/ml CON to 22.1 ± 1.9 pg/ml (MO+TUR), while TNF-α reduced from 38.7 ± 2.8 to 18.4 ± 1.7 pg/ml (p < 0.001). CD4+/CD8+ ratio improved from 1.2 ± 0.1 (CON) to 1.8 ± 0.1 (MO+TUR). HSP70 expression increased 2.3-fold in supplemented groups. IgG concentrations elevated from 12.3 ± 0.8 to 16.8 ± 0.9 mg/ml (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Combined M. oleifera and turmeric supplementation effectively mitigated the effects of heat stress by enhancing antioxidant defense systems, modulating inflammatory responses, and improving cellular and humoral immunity in shami goats. This natural intervention strategy presents a sustainable approach for maintaining goat health and productivity under heat stress conditions.

Key words: Curcumin; Cytokines; Damascus goats; Heat stress; Moringa oleifera.


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Mustafa Adnan Abed Al-Qaysi
Articles by Mustafa Mohammed Khalaf
Articles by Ruqaya Imad Abdulwahhab
Articles by Marwa Sami Kzar
Articles by Zeid Alsadoon
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Al-qaysi MAA, Khalaf MM, Abdulwahhab RI, Kzar MS, Alsadoon Z. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(2): 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44

Web Style

Al-qaysi MAA, Khalaf MM, Abdulwahhab RI, Kzar MS, Alsadoon Z. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=297085 [Access: February 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Al-qaysi MAA, Khalaf MM, Abdulwahhab RI, Kzar MS, Alsadoon Z. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(2): 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Al-qaysi MAA, Khalaf MM, Abdulwahhab RI, Kzar MS, Alsadoon Z. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited February 27, 2026]; 16(2): 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


Harvard Style

Al-qaysi, M. A. A., Khalaf, . M. M., Abdulwahhab, . R. I., Kzar, . M. S. & Alsadoon, . Z. (2026) Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Vet. J., 16 (2), 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


Turabian Style

Al-qaysi, Mustafa Adnan Abed, Mustafa Mohammed Khalaf, Ruqaya Imad Abdulwahhab, Marwa Sami Kzar, and Zeid Alsadoon. 2026. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (2), 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


Chicago Style

Al-qaysi, Mustafa Adnan Abed, Mustafa Mohammed Khalaf, Ruqaya Imad Abdulwahhab, Marwa Sami Kzar, and Zeid Alsadoon. "Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Al-qaysi, Mustafa Adnan Abed, Mustafa Mohammed Khalaf, Ruqaya Imad Abdulwahhab, Marwa Sami Kzar, and Zeid Alsadoon. "Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions." Open Veterinary Journal 16.2 (2026), 1272-1280. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Al-qaysi, M. A. A., Khalaf, . M. M., Abdulwahhab, . R. I., Kzar, . M. S. & Alsadoon, . Z. (2026) Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and turmeric supplementation on cellular and humeral immune responses and antioxidant enzyme activities in shami goats under heat stress conditions. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (2), 1272-1280. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.44


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout PublisherOpen Access PolicyEditorial Review PolicyEditorial & Peer Review ProcessPublication Ethics and Publication Malpractice StatementConflict of Interest PolicyPlagiarism PolicyProtection of Research Participants (Statement On Human And Animal Rights)Corrections, Retractions & Expressions of ConcernDigital Archiving & Preservation PoliciesTerms of UseLicense InformationCopyright Information

About Open Veterinary Journal

Open Veterinary Journal provides a fast track coupled with high quality peer review process for original research articles, review articles, short communi ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information

All correspondence should be addressed to:

Prof. Ibrahim Eldaghayes: Editor-in-Chief

Open Veterinary Journal

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli

P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya

and


Eldaghayes Publisher

www.eldaghayes.com 

Emails: ibrahim.eldaghayes@vetmed.edu.ly

info@eldaghayes.com