Abstract
Background:
The treatment of wounds associated with diabetes is among the common issues encountered in veterinary healthcare.

Aim:
This research endeavor sought to prepare and evaluate the impact of the composition of Boswellia serrata extract (BSE) and T. foenum-graecum seed extract (TFGE) on the healing of induced diabetic wounds in rats.

Methods:
Thirty-two clinically healthy adult male rats, aged 6-8 months and weighing 280 ± 20 g, were used in this study. After partial pancreatectomy, 2 equal groups (n = 16) were randomly selected among the 32 experimental animals and exposed to a full-thickness excisional wound. Group Ι, represented control, was treated with topical application of penicillin-streptomycin antibiotic, and group II was treated with ointment prepared from 20% BSE and 10% TFGE. Each group was treated daily for 21 days.

Results:
Macroscopic analysis exhibited significant superiority (P<0.05) of wounds in the treated group compared to the control group at the 7th, 14th and 21st day. The histopathological findings of the treated group (GII) revealed accelerated revascularization, modulation of inflammatory response, enhancement of collagen fiber formation and maturation, regeneration of epidermal tissue, and hair follicles with improved reepithelialization. Gene expression values showed significantly (P<0.05) upregulation of VEGF and TGF-β1 and downregulation of TNF-α on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 post-wound treatment in contrast to the wounds of the control group (GI).

Conclusion:
Topical application of the Boswellia serrata and T. foenum-graecum seed extracts substantially enhanced excisional wound healing in diabetic animals.

Key words: Boswellia Serrata; Diabetic rat; Gene Expression; T. foenum-graecum seed extract; Wound healing.