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Research Article


Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers

Desak Putu Mas Ari Candrawati, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti, Eny Puspani.


Abstract
Background:
Broilers have certain disadvantages, namely high levels of fat and cholesterol in their meat and susceptibility to disease infection. Furthermore, the ban on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP), which can cause side effects, presents a challenge. Based on this, safe natural feed additives are sought, one of which utilizes betel leaf water extract.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of administering betel leaf water extract via drinking water on pathogenic bacterial populations and blood lipid profiles in broilers.

Methods:
A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used with 4 treatments, 5 replications, and each unit consisting of 6 day-old chicks (DOC). The treatments were A (control group, without betel leaf water extract/BLWE), B (drinking water with 2% BLWE), C (drinking water with 4% BLWE), and D (drinking water with 6% BLWE). The variables observed were blood lipid profiles and pathogenic bacteria in the broiler intestine.

Results:
Triglycerides and LDL decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with BLWE administration, up to 6%. Meanwhile, HDL increased significantly (P < 0.05) at the 6% BLWE level compared to the control treatment (A). Total cholesterol significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with 6% BLWE administration. Total pathogenic E. coli bacteria significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with 6% BLWE administration, and Coliform significantly (P < 0.05) decreased at BLWE levels of 4% and 6%.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that administering BLWE at up to 6% can improve blood lipid profiles and reduce pathogenic E. coli and Coliform bacteria.

Key words: Broiler performance; Gut health; Natural feed additives; Piper betle; Phytogenic feed additives.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Candrawati DPMA, Bidura IGNG, Siti NW, Puspani E. Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(7): 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39

Web Style

Candrawati DPMA, Bidura IGNG, Siti NW, Puspani E. Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=312372 [Access: July 15, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Candrawati DPMA, Bidura IGNG, Siti NW, Puspani E. Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(7): 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Candrawati DPMA, Bidura IGNG, Siti NW, Puspani E. Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited July 15, 2026]; 16(7): 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


Harvard Style

Candrawati, D. P. M. A., Bidura, . I. G. N. G., Siti, . N. W. & Puspani, . E. (2026) Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Vet. J., 16 (7), 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


Turabian Style

Candrawati, Desak Putu Mas Ari, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti, and Eny Puspani. 2026. Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (7), 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


Chicago Style

Candrawati, Desak Putu Mas Ari, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti, and Eny Puspani. "Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Candrawati, Desak Putu Mas Ari, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti, and Eny Puspani. "Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers." Open Veterinary Journal 16.7 (2026), 4558-4565. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Candrawati, D. P. M. A., Bidura, . I. G. N. G., Siti, . N. W. & Puspani, . E. (2026) Effect of betel leaf water extract in drinking water on pathogenic bacteria and blood lipid profile of broilers. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (7), 4558-4565. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i7.39


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