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Research Article


Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease

Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, Nattapon Riengvirodkij.


Abstract
Background:
Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) is a prevalent canine heart condition often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool for MMVD, but its accessibility is limited in small veterinary clinics.
Aim:
This study aimed to identify clinical parameters and biochemistry and cardiac biomarkers as prognostic indicators for cardiac mortality in MMVD dogs with and without PH.
Animals: Ninety-nine MMVD dogs and nineteen normal dogs.
Methods:
In a five-year longitudinal study, data, including clinical and laboratory measurements as well as echocardiographic parameters were collected every 6 months. Dogs were monitored until death or loss to follow-up, and the cause of death was determined when possible. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors that predicted death.
Results:
Alterations in body condition score, total protein, fractional shortening percentage, and mean corpuscular volume were predictive of impending cardiac mortality. High blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio and heart rate and low hemoglobin levels were associated with increased risk of death. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was also a significant predictor of cardiac-related mortality, with higher levels indicating increased risk. Moreover, MMVD dogs with PH had a significantly lower survival rate than those with MMVD without PH. However, no significant difference in survival was observed between MMVD stage C and D with PH and MMVD stage C and D without PH groups.
Conclusion:
These findings provide valuable insights into the monitoring of MMVD progression in dogs using clinical parameters and biomarkers, especially when echocardiography cannot be performed.

Key words: Biomarkers, Echocardiography, Longitudinal study


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Channgam P, Sakcamduang W, Chanmongkolpanit K, Kaenchan P, Buayam W, Janhirun Y, Phonarknguen R, Tansakul M, Riengvirodkij N. Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(9): 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11

Web Style

Channgam P, Sakcamduang W, Chanmongkolpanit K, Kaenchan P, Buayam W, Janhirun Y, Phonarknguen R, Tansakul M, Riengvirodkij N. Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=200979 [Access: November 07, 2024]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Channgam P, Sakcamduang W, Chanmongkolpanit K, Kaenchan P, Buayam W, Janhirun Y, Phonarknguen R, Tansakul M, Riengvirodkij N. Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Vet J. 2024; 14(9): 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Channgam P, Sakcamduang W, Chanmongkolpanit K, Kaenchan P, Buayam W, Janhirun Y, Phonarknguen R, Tansakul M, Riengvirodkij N. Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Vet J. (2024), [cited November 07, 2024]; 14(9): 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


Harvard Style

Channgam, P., Sakcamduang, . W., Chanmongkolpanit, . K., Kaenchan, . P., Buayam, . W., Janhirun, . Y., Phonarknguen, . R., Tansakul, . M. & Riengvirodkij, . N. (2024) Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Vet J, 14 (9), 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


Turabian Style

Channgam, Phuttipan, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, and Nattapon Riengvirodkij. 2024. Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (9), 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


Chicago Style

Channgam, Phuttipan, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, and Nattapon Riengvirodkij. "Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease." Open Veterinary Journal 14 (2024), 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Channgam, Phuttipan, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, and Nattapon Riengvirodkij. "Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease." Open Veterinary Journal 14.9 (2024), 2237-2249. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Channgam, P., Sakcamduang, . W., Chanmongkolpanit, . K., Kaenchan, . P., Buayam, . W., Janhirun, . Y., Phonarknguen, . R., Tansakul, . M. & Riengvirodkij, . N. (2024) Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Open Veterinary Journal, 14 (9), 2237-2249. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11


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