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Research Article


Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis

Hadeer Abd-el-hak Rashed, Layla Omran Elmajdoub, Raneem Ahmed Khalaf, Nourhan Elsayed Elkotby, Salma Nabil Elfeky, Nada Ayman Farghaly, Aya Hossam Ali, Tasneem Mohamed Eltaweel, Raneem Mohamed Mandour, Ali H. Abu Almaaty.


Abstract
Background:
Saurida undosquamis (brushtooth lizardfish) is a species of the Synodontidae family that is widely distributed and commercially significant. Parasites impact fish survival, affecting aquaculture and wild populations.

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the most prevalent helminths infecting different organs of S. undosquamis and to assess their impact on the overall health of the fish.

Methods:
To investigate helminth infections, 200 S. undosquamis specimens were collected from local markets. Comparative analysis between uninfected and infected specimens was conducted using organ histopathology, evaluation of digestive tract mucus secretion patterns, and measurement of specific biochemical markers present in the mucus.

Results:
Helminth infection affected 75% of the fish, primarily targeting the stomach and intestine, with Contracaecum sp. being the most prevalent and L. intestinalis being the least common, which is the first time that helminth infection has been recorded in this host. Larger fish were more susceptible to infection than smaller ones, with males showing a slightly higher infection rate than females. Histological analysis identified widespread tissue damage in multiple organs of infected fish. Infection was associated with increased mucus secretion and enzymatic changes, including elevated protease and lipase activities, as well as decreased α-amylase activity. Additionally, higher IgD levels were increased in individuals with heavy infection.

Conclusion:
The study underscores the high prevalence and pathological effects of helminth infections in S. undosquamis, recommending further investigation into environmental factors influencing these infections. This also highlights the importance of understanding the emergence of L. intestinalis in this newly recorded host.

Key words: S. undosquamis; Helminths; Dominance; Immunological; Enzymes.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Rashed HA, Elmajdoub LO, Khalaf RA, Elkotby NE, Elfeky SN, Farghaly NA, Ali AH, Eltaweel TM, Mandour RM, Almaaty AHA. Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(12): 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10

Web Style

Rashed HA, Elmajdoub LO, Khalaf RA, Elkotby NE, Elfeky SN, Farghaly NA, Ali AH, Eltaweel TM, Mandour RM, Almaaty AHA. Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=278224 [Access: December 31, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Rashed HA, Elmajdoub LO, Khalaf RA, Elkotby NE, Elfeky SN, Farghaly NA, Ali AH, Eltaweel TM, Mandour RM, Almaaty AHA. Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(12): 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Rashed HA, Elmajdoub LO, Khalaf RA, Elkotby NE, Elfeky SN, Farghaly NA, Ali AH, Eltaweel TM, Mandour RM, Almaaty AHA. Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Vet. J.. (2025), [cited December 31, 2025]; 15(12): 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


Harvard Style

Rashed, H. A., Elmajdoub, . L. O., Khalaf, . R. A., Elkotby, . N. E., Elfeky, . S. N., Farghaly, . N. A., Ali, . A. H., Eltaweel, . T. M., Mandour, . R. M. & Almaaty, . A. H. A. (2025) Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Vet. J., 15 (12), 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


Turabian Style

Rashed, Hadeer Abd-el-hak, Layla Omran Elmajdoub, Raneem Ahmed Khalaf, Nourhan Elsayed Elkotby, Salma Nabil Elfeky, Nada Ayman Farghaly, Aya Hossam Ali, Tasneem Mohamed Eltaweel, Raneem Mohamed Mandour, and Ali H. Abu Almaaty. 2025. Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (12), 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


Chicago Style

Rashed, Hadeer Abd-el-hak, Layla Omran Elmajdoub, Raneem Ahmed Khalaf, Nourhan Elsayed Elkotby, Salma Nabil Elfeky, Nada Ayman Farghaly, Aya Hossam Ali, Tasneem Mohamed Eltaweel, Raneem Mohamed Mandour, and Ali H. Abu Almaaty. "Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Rashed, Hadeer Abd-el-hak, Layla Omran Elmajdoub, Raneem Ahmed Khalaf, Nourhan Elsayed Elkotby, Salma Nabil Elfeky, Nada Ayman Farghaly, Aya Hossam Ali, Tasneem Mohamed Eltaweel, Raneem Mohamed Mandour, and Ali H. Abu Almaaty. "Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis." Open Veterinary Journal 15.12 (2025), 6253-6267. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Rashed, H. A., Elmajdoub, . L. O., Khalaf, . R. A., Elkotby, . N. E., Elfeky, . S. N., Farghaly, . N. A., Ali, . A. H., Eltaweel, . T. M., Mandour, . R. M. & Almaaty, . A. H. A. (2025) Biochemical and histopathological insights into different helminth infections in Saurida undosquamis with new host record of Ligula intestinalis. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (12), 6253-6267. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i12.10


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